(1) reduce the enormous breast surgery: It’s part of a hypertrophy of the breast removed to make it the perfect resume to normal (size).  But what kind of breast is called breast hypertrophy do?  Lalardrie and tried to Touglard before by measuring the height and width of the calculation of breast breast size, they believe that when a breast than the “normal” or “perfect” breast volume increased by 50%, it indicates a mast there.  Breast volume of data can be divided into five breast size: Normal Perfect Breast: 250 ~ 300 cm3 (volume); mild hypertrophy of the breast: 400 ~ 600cm3; moderate hypertrophy of the breast: 600 ~ 800 cm3; severe hypertrophy of the breast: 800 ~ 1000 cm3; huge breasts:> 1500 cm3.

Huge breasts shrink surgery is not a surgical method.  Breast volume size and selection of surgical method is not directly related to the choice of surgical cosmetic breast surgeons rely mainly on the aesthetic, technical proficiency, patient evaluation of individual requirements, and postoperative effects of various aspects of trade-offs to determine the surgical indications and the specific method of .

(2) breast ptosis surgery: cosmetic plastic surgery in the breast, sagging breasts are characterized by: ① significant sagging breasts, breast glandular tissue concentrated in the second half of the breast, on a very flat, when the upper half of breast palpation almost directly affixed to the skin on the ribs; ② drooping than the mast while the second half of the breast, but also the main fat cell hypertrophy, multi-non-proliferation of breast tissue; ③ loose breast skin. Ⅰ degree: drooping breast nipple level, under the breast fold; Ⅱ Degree: sagging breasts breast nipple is located under the fold line, but higher than the lowest position of the breast; Ⅲ degree: sagging breasts breast nipple is located in the lowest position, or Breast ptosis over Xiphoid umbilical connection with the midpoint of severe the lower edge of the breast or pubic bone up to navel.

Mastectomy for breast cancer and implementation of breast reconstruction patients, as long as the reconstruction of the breast location, size, good, so he can serve as a contralateral breast ptosis correction standards. Commonly used in breast ptosis surgery has the following two kinds: breast leather fixation and Song Ruyao breasts mention fixation.

(3) breast augmentation: female flat chest and small breasts who have lost normal female characteristics and aesthetics, the need to implement breast augmentation to increase breast contents, expand the breast volume, improve breast shape and curve to achieve the resumption of female breast curve The purpose of the United States.

At present the ways and means to implement a lot of breast augmentation surgery, but the more commonly used methods are: ① silicone capsule implants; ② autologous dermis – fascia flap graft of adipose tissue; ③ pedicle dermal – Tim implanted fat flap filling ; ④ latissimus dorsi – dermal implantation of composite tissue island flap; ⑤ dermal fat, rectus abdominis muscle flap.

(4) breast reconstruction: a surgical method with the missing breast reconstruction to become a normal form and appearance (or near-normal form and appearance) of the breast, to restore women’s curves.  Its surgical methods are mainly: ① latissimus dorsi muscle flap breast reconstruction surgery; ② rectus abdominis muscle flap breast reconstruction surgery; ③ translocation transverse abdominal flap breast reconstruction surgery; ④ contralateral breast skin flap breast reconstruction surgery; ⑤ Vascularized free flap breast reconstruction gluteus maximus.

(5) nipple and areola reconstruction: There is no nipple and areola of the breast, not only failed to perfect the image of the breast, but also in the nude state, in the face of sexual partners (spouse or lover), the patients themselves have a certain degree of embarrassment, sexual partners, while there may be nothing of the psychological reactions. This could be done to women a heavy mental burden.  Therefore, the nipple and areola missing or incomplete case, the nipple and areola need to do the nipple and areola reconstruction.  Similarly, in the nipple and areola with a morbid cases, the nipple and areola shaping to be done.

At present, the nipple and areola reconstruction many ways, but in general, all the reconstruction methods, failed to meet the customer satisfaction. Thus, for patients with breast cancer, if patients have breast reconstruction as requested in the permit condition under the premise should be to try to preserve the nipple areola.  In the case removing the nipple and areola, the nipple and areola reconstruction of a variety of ways, the simplest method is to tattoo by tattoo law to make local color by depth, to simulate the areola forms.  Another method is to tissue transplantation law, through the surgical reconstruction of the nipple and areola. Surgical methods include: ① the nipple and areola re-transplantation; ② labia, scrotum skin graft; ③ part of the contralateral nipple and areola reconstruction of free composite tissue transplantation.

* Breast disease refers to a small breasts too small or too flat, the lack of women in the beautiful curve, the urgent need for improvement in persons;

* Moderate or severe macromastia excessive proliferation of breast tissue, the volume increased, weight increased, so that the skin tension, can affect the body, and susceptibility to mastitis, partial prone to eczema, bacterial or fungal infections often affect the normal life and work;

* Bilateral breast bilateral breast asymmetry in the size of significant differences, so that the chest were severely out of balance;

* Moderate or moderate breast ptosis, with other massage, physiotherapy and other methods can not correct the persons;

* Nipple retraction, with stimulation and pull methods can not correct those

pecifically, breast cosmetic plastic surgery indications are as follows:

Breast reduction surgery or breast fixation Indications:

* Long, loose breasts.
* Width and weight of breast hypertrophy.
* Secondary to pregnancy or after weight loss, or cystic breast milk after the hanging.
* Girl-type breast hypertrophy.
* Unilateral breast hypertrophy.

Breast augmentation surgery indications:

* Congenital breast hypoplasia (male-type breast).
* Breast hypoplasia.
* Idiopathic breast atrophy (usually secondary to pregnancy, breast-feeding later).
* Breast asymmetry.

Removal of the breast skin and breast reconstruction surgery indications:

* The multiple post-menopausal breast fibroadenoma.
* For many years or refractory breast diseases, such as severe breast pain, age-related cystic mastitis, breast adenosis and so on.
* Residual lactation mastitis.
* Breast lobular carcinoma in situ.
* Photography tips on many occasions suspicious breast lesions.
* Young women at the side of ductal carcinoma in situ, must line radical mastectomy, the other side of the check to the breast mass.
* A strong family history of breast cancer in young women.

Radical mastectomy and / or breast reconstruction after radiotherapy indications:

* Radiation necrosis, can not heal wounds.
* Patients with severe mental disorders.
* Have a good prognosis and very young women.

Partial review of breast disease, or orthopedic repair indications:

* Developmental abnormalities, such as multi-breasts, multiple nipples.
* The continuing feminization of male breast.

Breast cosmetic plastic surgery contraindications:

* General surgery contraindication.
* Patients should not receive the necessary surgical scars and the outbreak of the nipple hypoesthesia, loss, etc., when lactation capacity.
* In patients with breast fibrocystic disease.
* Patients with severe mental disorders.